Vatican-gosudarstvo-gorod located in the western part of Rome, capital of Italy, on a hill Monte-Vatikano.Vatican-residence of the Catholic Church head Pope, an international Roman Catholic Church.The Vatican was founded as an independent state in 1929 under Lateranskimi agreement between the Italian government and the Roman Pope.

His name Vatican to ancient settlements etrusskov who was at the site, which then "Adger Vatikanus."Later, in the first century AD.it was built by Emperor Kaligupy circus.and then the other gardens and parks, the Roman Emperor Nero, a notorious tyrant.High Vatican walls were erected to protect the papal throne of political opponents.Pope Leo IV was the first who had surrounded his residence and adjacent to the building robust ramparts.The inside walls is a city called Citta Leonina.Strengthening the walls of the Vatican held until the first half of XVII century, the date for today's Vatican walls.

The Vatican is a must to attend for those who wish to experience the ancient history of Christianity, in addition to visiting Vatican palaces, the residence of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church gathered treasure of unique works of art.The Vatican is an ambitious architectural complex, where temples, palaces and fortification facilities combined with works of garden art.Solemn entrance to the Vatican is obramlennaya colonnades St. Peter's Square.Colonnade leading to St. Peter's Cathedral, the largest Catholic church world.The cathedral is located vast palace Ensemble 16th centuries : chapel Nicholas V, Borgia apartments, Sikstinskaya chapel (with frescos by Michelangelo and Botticelli), and Loggia station, raspisannye Rafael and his students, majestic Belvedere Castle and San-Damatstso.The Vatican palaces are world-renowned museums ancient sculpture, and in the Vatican gardens-casino Pius V and building Vatikanskoy pinakoteki which include works by Italian painters th centuries.

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